It is very likely that community-based services in rural areas and areas of difficult access (when existing) lack resources and well-trained health professionals.

For residents in the Islands Districts, there will be less provision of community-based services compared with people living in more central districts. They rely on home-based services provided by providers from another district.

Regional and city-level differences can be seen in the amount of posyandu lansia available. The facilities are concentrated in Java provinces, with more than 30,000 alone only in Jawa Tengah and Jawa Timur out of the total 72,510 posyandu lansia. Papua Barat and Sulawesi Barat each only have fewer than 200 facilities (Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 2019a).

References:

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2019a). Data Dasar Puskesmas.

There is no information available on regional disparities in terms of residential homes. However, 31 out of 47 counties in Kenya have access to palliative care services (Hospice Care Kenya, 2018). Makueni County is the only county in Kenya that has integrated psychologists in the health system who are instrumental in providing palliative care and mental health services within hospitals.

References:

Hospice Care Kenya. (2018). Paving the way for universal access to palliative care in Kenya.  https://www.hospicecarekenya.com/other-news/paving-the-way-for-universal-access-to-palliative-care-in-kenya/

The few community-based services available are private sector services and little information is available on the type of services they provide, the profile or characteristics of their service users, etc. Therefore, regional diversity or differences are hard to establish. However, given that most associations are located in the state capitals or major cities, at least urban/rural large/small city differences in access (as with most health and social services) are present.

The availability of social interventions for dementia in the community varies by region.

See urban-bias for community-based services description under section 07.02.