The PNS 2013 showed that 12.5% of people aged 18 years and over were diagnosed with high cholesterol. The estimated proportion in urban areas was 13.0%, while in rural areas it was 10.0%. The proportion was higher among women (15.1%) than men (9.7%). The frequency of people who referred diagnosis of high cholesterol was more representative in the older age groups: 25.9% among those aged 60 to 64 years, 25.5% among people aged 65 to 74 years, and 20.3% between those aged 75 years and older. The proportion of white people who reported altered cholesterol (13.4%) was higher than for black (11.2%) and mixed race (11.8%) people (Brazilian Ministry of Health, 2013b).

References:

Brazilian Ministry of Health. (2013b). Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2013: Percepção do estado de saúde, estilos de vida e doenças crônicas. https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/visualizacao/livros/liv91110.pdf

According to the population health survey in 2014/2015, 14.4% of the population aged 15 and above (14.0% for females and 14.8% for males) had high blood cholesterol. The prevalence increased with age to a peak of 39.0% for the people aged 75-84. More detailed information related to the proportion of different age groups and gender are described in Part 1 (Centre for Health Protection, 2017).

References:

Centre for Health Protection. (2017). Report of Population Health Survey 2014/15. Retrieved from https://www.chp.gov.hk/en/static/51256.html

A review of population-based studies in India had reported that high cholesterol is prevalent in 25-30% and 15-20% of urban and rural residents, respectively (Gupta et al., 2017).

References:

Gupta, R., Rao, R. S., Misra, A., & Sharma, S. K. (2017). Recent trends in epidemiology of dyslipidemias in India. Indian heart journal, 69(3), 382-392.

The most recent data on cholesterol levels in the national population aged 15 and over is available from the Riskesdas 2018. High total cholesterol (> 240 mg/dL) was found in 7.6% of the population and borderline results (200-239 mg/dL) were found in 21.2% (Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, 2018).

References:

Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. (2018). Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2018. Jakarta: Lembaga Penerbit Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. Available at: http://labdata.litbang.kemkes.go.id/images/download/laporan/RKD/2018/Laporan_Nasional_RKD2018_FINAL.pdf

The 2016-2017 Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey published preliminary findings that do not include the prevalence of high cholesterol (Ministry of Health Jamaica, 2018). However, the survey conducted between 2007 and 2008, though dated, estimated that 12% of Jamaicans, between 15 and 74 years old, had high cholesterol. Females have higher levels of cholesterol than their male counterparts (JHLS-II, 2008). Additionally, only 14% of those with high cholesterol were aware of their condition.

References:

JHLS-II. (2018). Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey III: Preliminary Findings. https://www.moh.gov.jm/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Jamaica-Health-and-Lifestyle-Survey-III-2016-2017.pdf

Ministry of Health Jamaica. (2018). Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey III: Preliminary Findings. https://www.moh.gov.jm/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Jamaica-Health-and-Lifestyle-Survey-III-2016-2017.pdf

The Kenya STEPwise Survey for Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factors 2015 Report revealed that about 98% of Kenyans had never had their cholesterol levels measured. Out of those that had been measured, only 13.3% who reported to have been diagnosed with elevated cholesterol levels were on medication. 10% of the respondents had either cholesterol ≥ 5.0 mmol/L or currently on medication for raised cholesterol (MoH-Kenya et al., 2015).

References:

MoH-Kenya, KNBS, & WHO. (2015). Kenya STEPwise Survey for Non Communicable Diseases Risk Factors 2015 Report. MoH-Kenya. https://www.health.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Executive-summary-6-2.pdf

Please refer to Table 12 below.

Table 12. Prevalence of risk factors in adults 20 years of age or older, by sex and age groups. Mexico

Source: ENSANUT, 2012 (Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, 2012). *Percentage of population aged 20 and over who smoke

**Has been intoxicated with alcohol at least once in the past month.

References:

Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. (2012). Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2012. Resultados nacionales. https://ensanut.insp.mx/encuestas/ensanut2012/doctos/informes/ENSANUT2012ResultadosNacionales.pdf

Total cholesterol is estimated at 23.9%, with LDL-cholesterol at 28.8%, and 47.9% have low HDL-cholesterol (Byrne et al., 2016).

References:

Byrne, J., Eksteen, G., & Crickmore, C. (2016). Cardiovascular Disease Statistics Reference Document. Available from: https://www.heartfoundation.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/CVD-Stats-Reference-Document-2016-FOR-MEDIA-1.pdf