Key goals of “The National Policy for Integrated Care for People Living with Alzheimer’s Disease and other Dementias” are: to offer support for people living with dementia to live as independently as possible, to offer a healthcare system that support the family carers to cope with dementia challenges, to support health professionals training in dementia, to prioritize scientific research on dementia.

Not applicable, Hong Kong does not have any dementia-specific national document.

Not applicable.

The Indonesian dementia national plan aims to manage Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, and to enable healthy and productive ageing. The plan has three main objectives:

1. Mainstreaming efforts to achieve healthy brains for productive ageing through a life-cycle approach at every level of national development,
2. Improvement of service quality towards cognitive impairment and dementia,
3. Strengthening of managerial aspects to optimize efforts towards healthy brains.

The strategy uses a life-cycle approach, with emphasis on quality-of-service improvement and strengthening managerial capacity (Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, 2015b).

There are seven action steps in this national dementia strategy:

1. ‘Campaign on Public Awareness and Promotion of Healthy Lifestyles,
2. Advocacy of human rights for people with dementia and their caregivers,
3. Ensuring access and information of quality services,
4. Implementation of early detection, diagnosis, and holistic management of cognitive disorders and dementia,
5. Establishment of System to Reinforce professional and sustainable human resources,
6. Establishment of System to Reinforce Cognitive Health Programs as main factor to increase literacy of nation based on life course approach,
7. Implementation and Application of Research on cognition and dementia’ (Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, 2015a, pp.5-6).

References:

Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. (2015a). Ministry of Health Regulation No. 67/2015 on Geriatric Services in Public Health Center (Permenkes No. 67/2015 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Pelayanan Kesehatan Lanjut Usia Di Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat). Kementrian Kesehatan Indonesia, 1–140.

Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. (2015b). National Strategy: Management of Alzheimer and Other Dementia Diseases: Towards Healthy and Productive Older Persons. Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia.

No data was found since there is no dementia-specific national document in Jamaica.

The central objective of the Alzheimer’s Action Plan and other dementias is to promote the well-being of people with Alzheimer’s disease and related diseases and their families by strengthening the response of the Mexican Health System, in synergy with all responsible institutions. The main strategies of the Plan are (Gutiérrez-Robledo & Arrieta-Cruz, 2014):

• To prevent and promote mental health through public policy that considers mental health from a life-course perspective, that is, it considers preventing risk factors known as diabetes and hypertension while promoting active and healthy aging.
• To improve access to health services at all levels of care with a multidisciplinary approach, encompassing not only the hospital setting but also the community setting; through a long-term care perspective, including the establishment and maintenance of day centres for the care of older adults with dementia in their early stages.
• To identify and diagnose older adults with dementia in a timely manner through a comprehensive, multidisciplinary evaluation that reduces the impact of disability and dependency by training health professionals who are at the first level of care and the appropriate use of current screening instruments.
• To increase the number of personnel trained to treat people with dementia through permanent and constantly updated training programmes, from an inclusive perspective, considering that the care of the elderly person with dementia implies a multidisciplinary team.
• To raise society’s awareness of the importance of dementia as a public health problem in order to prevent abuse and discrimination of older adults with dementia and to recognise the importance of formal and informal carers.
• To increase research, from all areas of knowledge involved in the phenomenon, emphasising applied research studies, favouring the link between different institutions and scientific groups.
• To continuously evaluate the impact of each of the proposed actions through the development of indicators.
• To provide long-term care in the later stages of the disease.

References:

Gutiérrez-Robledo, L., & Arrieta-Cruz, I. (2014). Plan de Acción Alzheimer y otras demencias, México 2014. http://diariote.mx/docs/plan_alzheimer_WEB.pdf

NZ dementia framework:

Goal: “The NZ dementia framework aims to help people with dementia and their families and whānau to maximise their independence and wellbeing by reducing stigmas and providing clear, comprehensive information, and an integrated, holistic approach to dementia care and support.”

To this end, it provides a guide that district health boards (DHBs) can use as they work with primary, secondary, and community health and social support services (including social, information, emergency, and housing) to develop clear, consistent, well-resourced and easily accessible dementia care pathways. The framework promotes national consistency in dementia care while allowing for flexibility to adapt to local priorities and encourage innovation. DHBs are already developing their own service models and pathways for dementia care, and this framework is deliberately non-prescriptive so that the DHBs will be able to use it in different ways to achieve the same ends. The framework lists good practice examples that DHBs and the health sector can refer to, but the list of examples is a guide only and is by no means comprehensive. Furthermore, the framework highlights some goals that may take time to achieve. It is anticipated that steady progress can be made towards these goals with the aim of significantly improving dementia health and support services within five years.”

It outlines 3 overarching principles:

1. Following a person-centred and people-directed approach;
2. Providing accessible, proactive, and integrated services that are flexible to meet a variety of needs;
3. Developing the highest possible standard of care.

Dementia action plan:

Goal: “To improve the wellbeing of people living with dementia while decreasing the impact of dementia on them, as well as on Aotearoa New Zealand communities, on the health system, and on the economy.”

The Plan is underpinned by seven interlinked principles:

1. Wellbeing focussed and person-centred – people living with dementia, their whānau/families and care partners are empowered to be at the forefront of decision-making about their care and support, so they thrive; living with autonomy, meaning and dignity; participating in and contributing to their families and communities for as long as possible,
2. Human rights – people living with dementia are citizens, whose lives matters and have the same human rights as everyone else, including those in the Convention on the Rights Persons with a Disability,
3. Acknowledges Te Ao Māori and the principles of Te Tiriti o Waitangi –a kaupapa Māori approach underpins the design, development and delivery of solutions and programmes that will work in Aotearoa New Zealand for Māori whanau,
4. Comprehensive and integrated – services cover the whole life-course of dementia from developing dementia to end of life, with all parts of the sector working together to support people living with dementia and to implement the plan,
5. Equity – people living with dementia have access to appropriate services that deliver high-quality health and wellness outcomes so they can reach their full potential whoever they are, whatever their circumstances, and wherever they live in Aotearoa New Zealand,
6. Evidence-based and consistent – services are grounded in evidence and best practice, incorporating person-centred care with health care, to deliver solutions that are nationally consistent, effective, sustainable, and affordable,
7. Specific populations – services, solutions and resources recognise and respond appropriately to the unique needs of the special groups within Aotearoa New Zealand’s population. These will include Pacific people, Asian people, the Deaf community, and people who have become hearing impaired, refugees, people living alone, LGBTIQA people, people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, people with young-onset dementia, people living with chronic and severe neurological and/or psychiatric conditions, those with addictions, homeless older people and people housed in corrections facilities.

Not applicable, South Africa does not have a dementia-specific national plan.