In Hong Kong, the Census and Statistics Department and the statistical units of various government bureaux and departments form the Government Statistical Service (GSS), are responsible for regulating and coordinating the network for the provision of statistical and geographic information. They also conduct statistical surveys and operating statistical systems for the production of social and economic statistics, including data series on population, external trade, commerce and industry, labour, prices, national income and balance of payments. In addition, they coordinate the Population Census every ten years since 1961 and the by-census is held between two censuses. The last census and by-census were held in June 2011 and June 2016 respectively, which are the most complete sources of sociodemographic information of the population. Besides, the Hong Kong Population Projections 2017-2066 not only presented population projections, but also made use of the most up-to-date information on fertility, mortality, and movement patterns of the population.