In 2017, life/health insurance made up 6.66% of all financial products owned by Indonesians aged 18 and older. However, this figure dropped to 4.47% in 2018 (Mahendradhata et al., 2017, p.44). (Please note the percentages are out of all respondents and there were 23.59% and 24.86% of people who did not have any forms of financial products in 2017 and 2018, respectively).

In 2013, BPJS established a coordination of benefits with some of the leading private health insurance providers to provide a top-up option for middle- and high-income members of the JKN, which may increase the uptake of private insurance in Indonesia (Mahendradhata et al., 2017, p.44). In 2019, BPJS and 11 insurance providers (members of Forum Asuransi Kesehatan Indonesia) signed a Coordination of Benefit agreement to simplify the process of adding on private insurance policies to their existing BPJS schemes (Kartika & Walfajri, 2019).

References:

Kartika, H., & Walfajri, M. (2019). Gandeng perusahaan asuransi, peserta BPJS Kesehatan bisa naik kelas gratis.

Mahendradhata, Y., Trisnantoro, L., Listyadewi, S., Soewondo, P., MArthias, T., Harimurti, P., & Prawira, J. (2017). The Republic of Indonesia Health System Review (Vol. 7, Issue 1). https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/254716/9789290225164-eng.pdf