DESK REVIEWS | 06.02.13.11. The proportion of the population with high cholesterol![]()
DESK REVIEW | 06.02.13.11. The proportion of the population with high cholesterol
The PNS 2013 showed that 12.5% of people aged 18 years and over were diagnosed with high cholesterol. The estimated proportion in urban areas was 13.0%, while in rural areas it was 10.0%. The proportion was higher among women (15.1%) than men (9.7%). The frequency of people who referred diagnosis of high cholesterol was more representative in the older age groups: 25.9% among those aged 60 to 64 years, 25.5% among people aged 65 to 74 years, and 20.3% between those aged 75 years and older. The proportion of white people who reported altered cholesterol (13.4%) was higher than for black (11.2%) and mixed race (11.8%) people (Brazilian Ministry of Health, 2013b).
References:
Brazilian Ministry of Health. (2013b). Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2013: Percepção do estado de saúde, estilos de vida e doenças crônicas. https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/visualizacao/livros/liv91110.pdf
A review of population-based studies in India had reported that high cholesterol is prevalent in 25-30% and 15-20% of urban and rural residents, respectively (Gupta et al., 2017).
References:
Gupta, R., Rao, R. S., Misra, A., & Sharma, S. K. (2017). Recent trends in epidemiology of dyslipidemias in India. Indian heart journal, 69(3), 382-392.
The most recent data on cholesterol levels in the national population aged 15 and over is available from the Riskesdas 2018. High total cholesterol (> 240 mg/dL) was found in 7.6% of the population and borderline results (200-239 mg/dL) were found in 21.2% (Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, 2018).
References:
Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. (2018). Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2018. Jakarta: Lembaga Penerbit Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. Available at: http://labdata.litbang.kemkes.go.id/images/download/laporan/RKD/2018/Laporan_Nasional_RKD2018_FINAL.pdf
The Kenya STEPwise Survey for Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factors 2015 Report revealed that about 98% of Kenyans had never had their cholesterol levels measured. Out of those that had been measured, only 13.3% who reported to have been diagnosed with elevated cholesterol levels were on medication. 10% of the respondents had either cholesterol ≥ 5.0 mmol/L or currently on medication for raised cholesterol (MoH-Kenya et al., 2015).
References:
MoH-Kenya, KNBS, & WHO. (2015). Kenya STEPwise Survey for Non Communicable Diseases Risk Factors 2015 Report. MoH-Kenya. https://www.health.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Executive-summary-6-2.pdf
Please refer to Table 12 below.
Table 12. Prevalence of risk factors in adults 20 years of age or older, by sex and age groups. Mexico
| 20-39 | 40-59 | >60 | Total | |
| Hypertension | ||||
| Men | 20.2 | 25.8 | 43.7 | 25.11 |
| Women | 19.8 | 38.6 | 48.3 | 30.0 |
| Total | 20.0 | 32.3 | 46.1 | 27.6 |
| Obesity or overweight (total) | ||||
| Men | 19.6 | 23.8 | 31.7 | 23.3 |
| Women | 24.6 | 37.2 | 24.9 | 29.0 |
| Total | 22.3 | 30.9 | 27.3 | 26.4 |
| Diabetes | ||||
| Men | 13.7 | 27.8 | 44.3 | 23.0 |
| Women | 19.0 | 46.1 | 53.7 | 33.8 |
| Total | 16.5 | 37.8 | 49.5 | 28.9 |
| High cholesterol | ||||
| Men | 16.2 | 42.3 | 52.2 | 32.3 |
| Women | 19.9 | 50.2 | 58.4 | 38.2 |
| Total | 18.2 | 46.5 | 55.7 | 35.5 |
| Smokes* | ||||
| Men | 45.8 | 42.0 | 19.7 | 39.8 |
| Women | 25.5 | 19.3 | 10.3 | 20.3 |
| Total | 34.8 | 30.0 | 14.4 | 29.3 |
| Alcohol** | ||||
| Men | 44.1 | 33.0 | 26.9 | 36.9 |
| Women | 17.0 | 9.2 | 4.0 | 11.8 |
| Total | 29.4 | 20.4 | 14.2 | 23.3 |
Source: ENSANUT, 2012 (Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, 2012). *Percentage of population aged 20 and over who smoke
**Has been intoxicated with alcohol at least once in the past month.
References:
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. (2012). Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2012. Resultados nacionales. https://ensanut.insp.mx/encuestas/ensanut2012/doctos/informes/ENSANUT2012ResultadosNacionales.pdf