The above mentioned national policies indirectly cover dementia in these areas: risk factors prevention, diagnosis, and treatment (Brazilian Ministry of Health, 2018e).

References:

Brazilian Ministry of Health. (2018e). Orientações Técnicas para a Implementação de Linha de Cuidado para Atenção integral à Saúde da Pessoa Idosa no Sistema Único de Saúde—SUS. Ministério da Saúde do Brasil.

Dementia is covered in the areas of mental health and long-term care according to the Mental Health Review Report (MHRR) and Elderly Services Programme Plan (ESPP).

• The Mental Health Review Report (MHRR)

There is a chapter on dementia support services for the elderly (Chapter 4), which describes the burden of dementia, existing services for people with dementia, enhancing dementia care through person-centered and holistic care approaches, integrated community care and intervention model for dementia, and recommendations for dementia care. To reduce the existing service gaps, it recommends the enhancement of public education and prevention, primary and specialist care, post-diagnostic medical, community and residential support services, training of care workforce, and legal protection for people with dementia and their family carers (Food and Health Bureau, 2017a).

• Elderly Services Programme Plan (ESPP)

There is a chapter describing the services for elderly persons (Chapter 5) including dementia as one of the subchapters. It proposes two recommendations in relation to dementia care. Based on the two recommendations, a closer medical-social collaboration should be encouraged in the provision and future development of dementia services, such as public education, carer training, and staff training. It also recommends the enhancement of knowledge and skills among older people, family carers and care workers in the early detection of dementia (including mild cognitive impairment) and timely referral to appropriate services at the community care levels (Working Group on Elderly Services Programme Plan, 2017).

• “Recommendation 10 – Services for elderly persons with dementia should be strengthened. The issue of dementia should be considered as an integral part in the whole spectrum of elderly services and a multidisciplinary approach should be adopted.”
• “Recommendation 19 – The interface between mainstream elderly services and existing services for people from minority groups or people with special needs should be strengthened to enable provision of suitable support for service users from different backgrounds.”

References:

Food and Health Bureau. (2017a). Mental Health Review Report.  Retrieved from https://www.fhb.gov.hk/download/press_and_publications/otherinfo/180500_mhr/e_mhr_full_report.pdf.

Working Group on Elderly Services Programme Plan, Elderly Commission of Government of Hong Kong SAR,. (2017). Elderly Services Programme Plan. Hong Kong: Elderly Commission of Government HKSAR Retrieved from https://www.elderlycommission.gov.hk/en/download/library/ESPP_Final_Report_Eng.pdf.

Not applicable.

In the Prolanis programme, dementia is not specifically mentioned. However, it addresses the risk reduction aspect (by managing diabetes and hypertension) (BPJS Kesehatan, 2014).

References:

BPJS Kesehatan. (2014). Panduan Praktis PROLANIS (Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis)/PROLANIS Guideline. In BPJS Kesehatan.

No data was sourced due to the embargo on the Mental Health Strategic Plan.

The National Ageing Program of Attention 2013-2018 developed by the CENAPRECE predominantly focused on the screening of alterations of memory problems with the application of the Mini-mental (Folstein et al., 1975). The indicator of compliance was the coverage of mental health in the detection of alterations of memory (numerator: total number of detections carried out through the Mini-mental / denominator: population of 60 years and more) by 100. The information was planned to be captured by the National Health Information System (Sistema Nacional de Información en Salud) at the Ministry of Health. However, no official estimates for this indicator have been reported so far.

References:

Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975). “Mini-mental state”. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12(3), 189–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6

All areas of dementia are covered.

• Older Person’s Act (no.13 of 2006): Although it does not deal with dementia in detail, it refers to it as a consideration for community-based programmes (see section 11(2)(a), p.7); as well as service at residential facilities (see section 17(b) and (d), p.9) (Government Gazette, 2006).
• Older Person’s Programme: Covers awareness, information, education and communication programmes as part of their proposed basket of services offered to older persons (see DSD’s Older Person’s Programme concept paper) (Jordan, 2009).
• The White Paper on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (Government Gazette, 09 March 2016, no.39792) briefly acknowledges the vulnerability of older persons with dementia to exploitation, neglect, abuse and homelessness (see p.71) (White Paper on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, 2015). Beyond this, dementia is not specifically mentioned again – although the rights of persons with disability is addressed more broadly within a human rights framework.

References:

Government Gazette. (2006). Older Persons Act, No.13 of 2006 (Vol. 13, Issue 1098). Available from: https://www.westerncape.gov.za/other/2012/3/older_persons_act.pdf

Jordan, C. (2009). Older Person’s Programme: Concept paper. Available from: https://www.westerncape.gov.za/other/2009/10/concept_paper-_programme_older_persons.pdf

White Paper on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, 1 (2015). https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_document/201603/39792gon230.pdf