Employment: carers are often required to give up formal, paid employment in order to care for their family member on a full time basis, with resulting financial strain, stress and family poverty (Kalula & Petros, 2011; Pretorius et al., 2009).

Younger carers are required to give up employment or their educational attainment in order to care for an ailing parent/family member.

Other impacts include relational deprivation, restrictions of social activities, and being prone to social isolation (Gurayah, 2015; Pretorius et al., 2009).

References:

Gurayah, T. (2015). Caregiving for people with dementia in a rural context in South Africa. South African Family Practice, 57(3), 194–197. https://doi.org/10.1080/20786190.2014.976946

Kalula, S. Z., & Petros, G. (2011). Responses to Dementia in Less Developed Countries with a focus on South Africa. Global Aging, 7(1), 31–40.

Pretorius, C., Walker, S., & Heyns, P. M. (2009). Sense of coherence amongst male caregivers in dementia: A South African perspective. Dementia, 8(1), 79–94. https://doi.org/10.1177/1471301208099046